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Win10RS1/2/3的DPI支持改进
acmilan
2017/03/31
软件综合
IP:四川

Win10RS1/2/3的DPI支持改进简介

Win10RS1（1607/周年更新）：新增一套API，使得每个窗口可以具有不同的DPI缩放兼容性，并大大简化了多显示器DPI编程。WPF可选支持多显示器DPI编程。

Win10RS2（1703/创意者更新）：新增PerMonitorV2模式，简化Win32和WinForms的多显示器DPI编程。新增gdiScaling选项，改善DPI虚拟化画质。程序兼容型选项卡新增DPI兼容性设置，允许用户强行打开DPI虚拟化。

Win10RS3（秋季创意者更新，待发布）：更改系统级DPI不再需要注销并重新登录，只需重新打开未响应DPI变化的程序即可。

WPF编程

.NET 4.6.2已经支持Win10 RS1的多显示器DPI支持模式，不过，为了使用这个功能，你还需要作以下操作：

1、声明程序支持Win10 RS1的多显示器DPI支持模式，但不支持Win8.1的多显示器DPI支持模式

编写App.manifest，在assembly标签下添加如下声明：

<application xmlns="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:asm.v3">
  <windowssettings>
    
    <dpiawareness xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/SMI/2016/WindowsSettings">PerMonitor</dpiawareness>
    <dpiaware xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/SMI/2005/WindowsSettings">true</dpiaware>
  </windowssettings>
</application>

2、设置目标框架为4.6.2以上，或者在App.config的configuration标签下添加如下声明：

<runtime>
  <appcontextswitchoverrides value="Switch.System.Windows.DoNotScaleForDpiChanges=false">
</appcontextswitchoverrides></runtime>

Windows Forms编程

Windows Forms已经在.NET Framework 4.7支持Win10 RS2的多显示器DPI第二版。不过，由于Windows Forms的架构限制，实际上有一些bug，比如在频繁调整下，ToolStrip控件会越来越大。

**编写支持多显示器DPI的应用程序，建议使用WPF。**因为WPF基于浮点坐标和矢量绘图，能够更好地支持DPI的动态变化（Windows Forms基于整数坐标和像素绘图）。

如果你想尝试一下这个新功能，可以按照下面的方法声明。

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首先在App.manifest中允许.NET检测Win10系统版本

<compatibility xmlns="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:compatibility.v1">
  <application>
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    <supportedos id="{8e0f7a12-bfb3-4fe8-b9a5-48fd50a15a9a}">
  </supportedos></application>
</compatibility>

然后在App.config中指定目标版本为4.7，并开启Windows Forms的多显示器DPI支持模式第二版

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<configuration>
  <startup> 
      <supportedruntime version="v4.0" sku=".NETFramework,Version=v4.7">
  </supportedruntime></startup>
  <system.windows.forms.applicationconfigurationsection>
    <add key="DpiAwareness" value="PerMonitorV2">
  </add></system.windows.forms.applicationconfigurationsection>
</configuration>

GDI缩放技术

Win10 RS2支持GDI缩放技术，可以在大多数情况下取代原有的像素缩放技术，优化一些内容的显示。

App.manifest声明方法：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" standalone="yes"?>
<assembly xmlns="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:asm.v1" xmlns:asmv3="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:asm.v3" manifestversion="1.0">
<assemblyidentity type="win32" name="MyApp" version="1.0.0.0">
<asmv3:application>
   <asmv3:windowssettings>
        <dpiaware xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/SMI/2005/WindowsSettings">false</dpiaware>
        <gdiscaling xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/SMI/2017/WindowsSettings">true</gdiscaling>
   </asmv3:windowssettings>
</asmv3:application>
</assemblyidentity></assembly>

Win32编程

Win10RS1添加了一些动态DPI函数，这些函数比Win8.1的那些使用起来更容易。

Win10RS2添加了多显示器DPI支持模式第二版，增加了对话框、菜单栏、非客户区的自动缩放支持，以及子控件的DPI消息通知。

经过实测，其它通用控件可以近乎完美缩放，但是工具栏图标不能自动缩放，还是需要处理一下WM_DPICHANGED，然后重新给工具栏指定一组更大的位图。

不一定要支持Windows 8.1/10TH1/10TH2的多显示器DPI支持模式，甚至连10RS1的都不一定要支持，因为多显示器动态DPI的API是逐渐完善的，而且需要使用多显示器DPI支持的用户一般倾向于升级到最新版Windows 10。

另外要注意，SetProcessDpiAwarenessContext函数，虽然MSDN上写的Win10RS2，实际上在Win10RS1已经导出了，所以如果以-4调用，一定要检查是否返回FALSE，返回FALSE的话需要再以-2调用一次。

App.mainfest多显示器DPI支持模式第二版声明方法：

<application xmlns="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:asm.v3">
  <windowssettings>
    
    <dpiawareness xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/SMI/2016/WindowsSettings">PerMonitorV2,System</dpiawareness>
    <dpiaware xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/SMI/2005/WindowsSettings">true</dpiaware>
  </windowssettings>
</application>

这里的声明取自Windows SDK 10.0.15063.0头文件，而非MSDN Library开发者文档。(2017/4/6更新)

#pragma once

#include <windows.h>
#include <uxtheme.h>

#define DefineDLLEntry(name) T_##name *name
#define LoadDLLEntry(hmod, name) name = (T_##name *)GetProcAddress(hmod, #name)
#define _Inout_
#define _In_
#define _Out_
#define _In_opt_

// Windows 7加入的窗口消息
#define WM_DPICHANGED       0x02E0

// Windows 10 RS2加入的窗口消息
#define WM_DPICHANGED_BEFOREPARENT      0x02E2
#define WM_DPICHANGED_AFTERPARENT       0x02E3
#define WM_GETDPISCALEDSIZE             0x02E4

#if NTDDI_VERSION < 0x0A000002
DECLARE_HANDLE(DPI_AWARENESS_CONTEXT);

typedef enum DPI_AWARENESS {
	DPI_AWARENESS_INVALID = -1,
	DPI_AWARENESS_UNAWARE = 0,
	DPI_AWARENESS_SYSTEM_AWARE = 1,
	DPI_AWARENESS_PER_MONITOR_AWARE = 2
} DPI_AWARENESS;
#endif

#if NTDDI_VERSION < 0x0A000003
typedef enum DIALOG_DPI_CHANGE_BEHAVIORS {
	DDC_DEFAULT = 0x0000,
	DDC_DISABLE_ALL = 0x0001,
	DDC_DISABLE_RESIZE = 0x0002,
	DDC_DISABLE_CONTROL_RELAYOUT = 0x0004,
} DIALOG_DPI_CHANGE_BEHAVIORS;

typedef enum DIALOG_CONTROL_DPI_CHANGE_BEHAVIORS {
	DCDC_DEFAULT = 0x0000,
	DCDC_DISABLE_FONT_UPDATE = 0x0001,
	DCDC_DISABLE_RELAYOUT = 0x0002,
} DIALOG_CONTROL_DPI_CHANGE_BEHAVIORS;
#endif

// 不支持DPI
#define DPI_AWARENESS_CONTEXT_UNAWARE              ((DPI_AWARENESS_CONTEXT)-1)
// 系统级DPI（传统DPI模式）
#define DPI_AWARENESS_CONTEXT_SYSTEM_AWARE         ((DPI_AWARENESS_CONTEXT)-2)
// 逐显示器DPI第一版（Win8.1/Win10RS1模式）
#define DPI_AWARENESS_CONTEXT_PER_MONITOR_AWARE    ((DPI_AWARENESS_CONTEXT)-3)
// 逐显示器DPI第二版（Win10RS2模式）
// 支持对话框、菜单、非客户区自动缩放，支持子控件DPI通知
#define DPI_AWARENESS_CONTEXT_PER_MONITOR_AWARE_V2 ((DPI_AWARENESS_CONTEXT)-4)

// Windows 10 RS1、Windows 10 RS2加入的高DPI支持API
struct Win10DPI
{
	typedef BOOL WINAPI T_AdjustWindowRectExForDpi(
		_Inout_ LPRECT lpRect,
		_In_    DWORD  dwStyle,
		_In_    BOOL   bMenu,
		_In_    DWORD  dwExStyle,
		_In_    UINT   dpi
	);

	typedef BOOL WINAPI T_AreDpiAwarenessContextsEqual(
		_In_ DPI_AWARENESS_CONTEXT dpiContextA,
		_In_ DPI_AWARENESS_CONTEXT dpiContextB
	);

	typedef BOOL WINAPI T_EnableNonClientDpiScaling(
		_In_ HWND hwnd
	);

	typedef DPI_AWARENESS WINAPI T_GetAwarenessFromDpiAwarenessContext(
		_In_ DPI_AWARENESS_CONTEXT value
	);

	typedef UINT WINAPI T_GetDpiForSystem(void);

	typedef UINT WINAPI T_GetDpiForWindow(
		_In_ HWND hwnd
	);

	typedef int WINAPI T_GetSystemMetricsForDpi(
		_In_ int  nIndex,
		_In_ UINT dpi
	);

	typedef DPI_AWARENESS_CONTEXT WINAPI T_GetThreadDpiAwarenessContext(void);

	typedef DPI_AWARENESS_CONTEXT WINAPI T_GetWindowDpiAwarenessContext(
		_In_ HWND hwnd
	);

	typedef BOOL WINAPI T_IsValidDpiAwarenessContext(
		_In_ DPI_AWARENESS_CONTEXT  value
	);

	// Windows 8.1加入，但仍然适用
	typedef BOOL WINAPI T_LogicalToPhysicalPointForPerMonitorDPI(
		_In_    HWND    hwnd,
		_Inout_ LPPOINT lpPoint
	);

	// Windows 8.1加入，但仍然适用
	typedef BOOL WINAPI T_PhysicalToLogicalPointForPerMonitorDPI(
		_In_    HWND    hwnd,
		_Inout_ LPPOINT lpPoint
	);

	typedef DPI_AWARENESS_CONTEXT WINAPI T_SetThreadDpiAwarenessContext(
		_In_  DPI_AWARENESS_CONTEXT  dpiContext
	);

	typedef BOOL WINAPI T_SystemParametersInfoForDpi(
		_In_    UINT  uiAction,
		_In_    UINT  uiParam,
		_Inout_ PVOID pvParam,
		_In_    UINT  fWinIni,
		_In_    UINT  dpi
	);

	// Windows 10 RS2加入

	// 这个其实Windows 10 RS1已经导出了
	typedef BOOL WINAPI T_SetProcessDpiAwarenessContext(
		_In_ DPI_AWARENESS_CONTEXT value
	);

	typedef BOOL WINAPI T_SetDialogDpiChangeBehavior(
		_In_ HWND hDlg,
		_In_ DIALOG_DPI_CHANGE_BEHAVIORS mask,
		_In_ DIALOG_DPI_CHANGE_BEHAVIORS values
	);

	typedef DIALOG_DPI_CHANGE_BEHAVIORS WINAPI T_GetDialogDpiChangeBehavior(
		_In_ HWND hDlg
	);

	typedef BOOL WINAPI T_SetDialogControlDpiChangeBehavior(
		_In_ HWND hWnd,
		_In_ DIALOG_CONTROL_DPI_CHANGE_BEHAVIORS mask,
		_In_ DIALOG_CONTROL_DPI_CHANGE_BEHAVIORS values
	);

	typedef DIALOG_CONTROL_DPI_CHANGE_BEHAVIORS WINAPI T_GetDialogControlDpiChangeBehavior(
		_In_ HWND hWnd
	);

	typedef HTHEME WINAPI T_OpenThemeDataForDpi(
		_In_opt_ HWND hwnd,
		_In_ LPCWSTR pszClassList,
		_In_ UINT dpi
	);

	DefineDLLEntry(AdjustWindowRectExForDpi);
	DefineDLLEntry(AreDpiAwarenessContextsEqual);
	DefineDLLEntry(EnableNonClientDpiScaling);
	DefineDLLEntry(GetAwarenessFromDpiAwarenessContext);
	DefineDLLEntry(GetDpiForSystem);
	DefineDLLEntry(GetDpiForWindow);
	DefineDLLEntry(GetSystemMetricsForDpi);
	DefineDLLEntry(GetThreadDpiAwarenessContext);
	DefineDLLEntry(GetWindowDpiAwarenessContext);
	DefineDLLEntry(IsValidDpiAwarenessContext);
	DefineDLLEntry(LogicalToPhysicalPointForPerMonitorDPI);
	DefineDLLEntry(PhysicalToLogicalPointForPerMonitorDPI);
	DefineDLLEntry(SetThreadDpiAwarenessContext);
	DefineDLLEntry(SystemParametersInfoForDpi);
	DefineDLLEntry(SetProcessDpiAwarenessContext);
	DefineDLLEntry(SetDialogDpiChangeBehavior);
	DefineDLLEntry(GetDialogDpiChangeBehavior);
	DefineDLLEntry(SetDialogControlDpiChangeBehavior);
	DefineDLLEntry(GetDialogControlDpiChangeBehavior);
	Win10DPI()
	{
		HMODULE huser32 = GetModuleHandleA("user32");
		LoadDLLEntry(huser32, AdjustWindowRectExForDpi);
		LoadDLLEntry(huser32, AreDpiAwarenessContextsEqual);
		LoadDLLEntry(huser32, EnableNonClientDpiScaling);
		LoadDLLEntry(huser32, GetAwarenessFromDpiAwarenessContext);
		LoadDLLEntry(huser32, GetDpiForSystem);
		LoadDLLEntry(huser32, GetDpiForWindow);
		LoadDLLEntry(huser32, GetSystemMetricsForDpi);
		LoadDLLEntry(huser32, GetThreadDpiAwarenessContext);
		LoadDLLEntry(huser32, GetWindowDpiAwarenessContext);
		LoadDLLEntry(huser32, IsValidDpiAwarenessContext);
		LoadDLLEntry(huser32, LogicalToPhysicalPointForPerMonitorDPI);
		LoadDLLEntry(huser32, PhysicalToLogicalPointForPerMonitorDPI);
		LoadDLLEntry(huser32, SetThreadDpiAwarenessContext);
		LoadDLLEntry(huser32, SystemParametersInfoForDpi);
		LoadDLLEntry(huser32, SetProcessDpiAwarenessContext);
		LoadDLLEntry(huser32, SetDialogDpiChangeBehavior);
		LoadDLLEntry(huser32, GetDialogDpiChangeBehavior);
		LoadDLLEntry(huser32, SetDialogControlDpiChangeBehavior);
		LoadDLLEntry(huser32, GetDialogControlDpiChangeBehavior);
	}
};

struct WinVistaDPI
{
	typedef BOOL WINAPI T_SetProcessDPIAware(VOID);
	typedef BOOL WINAPI T_IsProcessDPIAware(VOID);
	typedef BOOL WINAPI T_LogicalToPhysicalPoint(
		_In_ HWND hWnd,
		_Inout_ LPPOINT lpPoint
	);
	typedef BOOL WINAPI T_PhysicalToLogicalPoint(
		_In_ HWND hWnd,
		_Inout_ LPPOINT lpPoint
	);
	DefineDLLEntry(SetProcessDPIAware);
	DefineDLLEntry(IsProcessDPIAware);
	DefineDLLEntry(LogicalToPhysicalPoint);
	DefineDLLEntry(PhysicalToLogicalPoint);
	WinVistaDPI()
	{
		HMODULE huser32 = GetModuleHandleA("user32");
		LoadDLLEntry(huser32, SetProcessDPIAware);
		LoadDLLEntry(huser32, IsProcessDPIAware);
		LoadDLLEntry(huser32, LogicalToPhysicalPoint);
		LoadDLLEntry(huser32, PhysicalToLogicalPoint);
	}
};

// Win8.1加入，但已不适用的API
#ifdef WIN81DPI_DEPRECATED
typedef enum _MONITOR_DPI_TYPE {
	MDT_EFFECTIVE_DPI = 0,
	MDT_ANGULAR_DPI = 1,
	MDT_RAW_DPI = 2,
	MDT_DEFAULT = MDT_EFFECTIVE_DPI
} Monitor_DPI_Type;

typedef enum _PROCESS_DPI_AWARENESS {
	PROCESS_DPI_UNAWARE = 0,
	PROCESS_SYSTEM_DPI_AWARE = 1,
	PROCESS_PER_MONITOR_DPI_AWARE = 2
} PROCESS_DPI_AWARENESS;

typedef enum _SHELL_UI_COMPONENT {
	SHELL_UI_COMPONENT_TASKBARS = 0,
	SHELL_UI_COMPONENT_NOTIFICATIONAREA = 1,
	SHELL_UI_COMPONENT_DESKBAND = 2
} SHELL_UI_COMPONENT;

typedef HRESULT WINAPI T_GetDpiForMonitor(
	_In_  HMONITOR         hmonitor,
	_In_  MONITOR_DPI_TYPE dpiType,
	_Out_ UINT             *dpiX,
	_Out_ UINT             *dpiY
);

typedef UINT WINAPI T_GetDpiForShellUiComponent(
	_In_ SHELL_UI_COMPONENT component
);

typedef HRESULT WINAPI T_GetProcessDpiAwareness(
	_In_  HANDLE                hprocess,
	_Out_ PROCESS_DPI_AWARENESS *value
);

typedef HRESULT WINAPI T_SetProcessDpiAwareness(
	_In_ PROCESS_DPI_AWARENESS value
);
#endif
</uxtheme.h></windows.h>

(未完待续)

[ 修改于9年5个月前 - 2017/07/18 22:22:09 ]
来自：
计算机科学/软件综合/WINDOWS
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