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发表于《DirectX学习经验总结》
acmilan作者
10年2个月前修改于 10年0个月前IP:四川
826998
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DirectX 10/11禁止Alt Enter全屏的方法

DirectX 10/11的交换链有全屏功能，但是这个全屏并不是想象的那样，缓冲区大小不改变，画面会模糊，关掉的方法：

// 禁止Alt+Enter全屏
CComPtr<idxgifactory> dxgifac;
(comexcept)g_swpch->GetParent(__uuidof(IDXGIFactory), (void**)&dxgifac);
dxgifac->MakeWindowAssociation(g_hwnd, DXGI_MWA_NO_WINDOW_CHANGES | DXGI_MWA_NO_ALT_ENTER);
dxgifac = NULL;
</idxgifactory>

DXUT也有全屏切换，但实际上是重新建立了适合全屏的设备和交换链，不会模糊。

Win10中Debug Layer的安装

DirectXDebugWin10.png

DirectX 9/10/11比较

DirectX 9.0用起来傻瓜化，直接用API就可以绘图，但是如果想实现高级特性的话，没有集成Shader编译器，需要先行编译或者使用D3DX库编译。

DirectX 10去掉了用API直接画图的功能，但是集成了Shader编译器，加入了Geometry Shader，同时分离了DXGI，用起来稍显复杂，初始化的复杂度增加了。

DirectX 11是基于DirectX 10小幅改进的版本，加上很多功能，包括Tessellation和DirectCompute以及CommandList。但同时，DirectX 11分离了编译器，必须安装运行库（2010或之前）或者附带dll（2012或之后）才能使用，剥离了Effects11必须自己编译。但同时2012又剥离了D3DX成为DirectXTK、DirectXTex、DirectXMesh等数个开源库，需要自己编译。

DirectX 9.0需要配合GDI+出图，DirectX 10/11可以用Direct2D和DirectWrite出图。

一个更理想的DirectX 10框架程序

实现了窗口大小变化，而且使用WndProc而不是C++类管理生命周期

// main.cpp - 主文件

#undef UNICODE
#define UNICODE 1
#include <windows.h>
#include <d3d10.h>
#include <xnamath.h> // <directxmath.h> for VS2012+
#pragma comment(lib, "d3d10.lib")

HINSTANCE hInst;
HWND hMainWnd;

#define WM_APPIDLE (WM_APP + 10)

struct WndData
{
	ID3D10Device *dev;
	D3D10_DRIVER_TYPE dt;
	IDXGISwapChain *swpch;
	ID3D10RenderTargetView *rtv;
	ID3D10Texture2D *dsbuf;
	ID3D10DepthStencilView *dsv;
};

HRESULT CreateRTV(HWND hWnd, WndData *data)
{
	HRESULT hr = S_OK;
	ID3D10Texture2D *backbuf = NULL;
	hr = data->swpch->GetBuffer(0, __uuidof(ID3D10Texture2D), (void**)&backbuf);
	if (FAILED(hr)) return hr;

	hr = data->dev->CreateRenderTargetView(backbuf, NULL, &data->rtv);
	backbuf->Release();
	return hr;
}

HRESULT CreateDSBufAndDSV(HWND hWnd, WndData *data, int width, int height)
{
	HRESULT hr = S_OK;
	D3D10_TEXTURE2D_DESC dsbufdesc = {
		width, height, 1, 1, DXGI_FORMAT_D32_FLOAT, { 1, 0 }, D3D10_USAGE_DEFAULT, D3D10_BIND_DEPTH_STENCIL, 0, 0
	};
	hr = data->dev->CreateTexture2D(&dsbufdesc, NULL, &data->dsbuf);
	if (FAILED(hr)) return hr;

	D3D10_DEPTH_STENCIL_VIEW_DESC dsvdesc = {
		DXGI_FORMAT_D32_FLOAT, D3D10_DSV_DIMENSION_TEXTURE2D
	};
	dsvdesc.Texture2D.MipSlice = 0;
	hr = data->dev->CreateDepthStencilView(data->dsbuf, &dsvdesc, &data->dsv);
	return hr;
}

void SetViewport(HWND hWnd, WndData *data, int width, int height)
{
	D3D10_VIEWPORT vp = {
		0, 0, width, height, 0.0f, 1.0f
	};
	data->dev->RSSetViewports(1, &vp);
}

LRESULT CALLBACK WndProc(HWND hWnd, UINT msg, WPARAM wParam, LPARAM lParam)
{
	WndData *data = (WndData *)GetWindowLongPtr(hWnd, 0);

	if (msg == WM_CREATE)
	{
		data = (WndData *)HeapAlloc(GetProcessHeap(), HEAP_ZERO_MEMORY, sizeof (WndData));
		if (data == NULL) DestroyWindow(hWnd);
		SetWindowLongPtr(hWnd, 0, (LONG_PTR)data);

		RECT rc = { 0 };
		GetClientRect(hWnd, &rc);
		int width = rc.right - rc.left;
		int height = rc.bottom - rc.top;

		DXGI_MODE_DESC mode = {
			width, height, { 60, 1 }, DXGI_FORMAT_R8G8B8A8_UNORM, DXGI_MODE_SCANLINE_ORDER_UNSPECIFIED, DXGI_MODE_SCALING_UNSPECIFIED,
		};
		DXGI_SWAP_CHAIN_DESC swpchdesc = {
			mode, { 1, 0 }, DXGI_USAGE_RENDER_TARGET_OUTPUT, 1, hWnd, TRUE, DXGI_SWAP_EFFECT_DISCARD, 0
		};
		D3D10_DRIVER_TYPE drvtype[] = { D3D10_DRIVER_TYPE_HARDWARE, D3D10_DRIVER_TYPE_WARP, D3D10_DRIVER_TYPE_REFERENCE };
		HRESULT hr = S_OK;
		for (int i = 0; i < sizeof drvtype / sizeof drvtype[0]; i++)
		{
			data->dt = drvtype[i];
			hr = D3D10CreateDeviceAndSwapChain(NULL, data->dt, NULL, 0, D3D10_SDK_VERSION, &swpchdesc, &data->swpch, &data->dev);
			if (SUCCEEDED(hr)) break;
		}
		if (FAILED(hr)) DestroyWindow(hWnd);

		hr = CreateRTV(hWnd, data);
		if (FAILED(hr)) DestroyWindow(hWnd);

		hr = CreateDSBufAndDSV(hWnd, data, width, height);
		if (FAILED(hr)) DestroyWindow(hWnd);

		data->dev->OMSetRenderTargets(1, &data->rtv, data->dsv);

		SetViewport(hWnd, data, width, height);
		
		// TODO - create objects

		return 0;
	}

	if (msg == WM_DESTROY)
	{
		if (data != NULL)
		{
			if (data->dev) data->dev->ClearState();
			if (data->dsv) data->dsv->Release();
			if (data->dsbuf) data->dsbuf->Release();
			if (data->rtv) data->rtv->Release();
			if (data->swpch) data->swpch->Release();
			if (data->dev) data->dev->Release();
			HeapFree(GetProcessHeap(), 0, data);
		}
		PostQuitMessage(0);
		return 0;
	}

	if (data == NULL)
		return DefWindowProc(hWnd, msg, wParam, lParam); // 下边的消息都是需要data的

	if (msg == WM_SIZE)
	{
		int width = LOWORD(lParam);
		int height = HIWORD(lParam);

		char buf[1024] = "";
		wsprintfA(buf, "%d %d\r\n", width, height);
		OutputDebugStringA(buf);

		data->dev->ClearState();
		data->rtv->Release(); data->rtv = NULL;
		data->dsv->Release(); data->dsv = NULL;
		data->dsbuf->Release(); data->dsbuf = NULL;

		HRESULT hr = data->swpch->ResizeBuffers(1, width, height, DXGI_FORMAT_R8G8B8A8_UNORM, 0);
		if (FAILED(hr)) DestroyWindow(hWnd);

		hr = CreateRTV(hWnd, data);
		if (FAILED(hr)) DestroyWindow(hWnd);

		hr = CreateDSBufAndDSV(hWnd, data, width, height);
		if (FAILED(hr)) DestroyWindow(hWnd);

		data->dev->OMSetRenderTargets(1, &data->rtv, data->dsv);

		SetViewport(hWnd, data, width, height);
		
		return 0;
	}

	if (msg == WM_APPIDLE)
	{
		float backcolor[4] = { 0.0f, 0.5f, 0.5f, 1.0f };
		data->dev->ClearRenderTargetView(data->rtv, backcolor);
		data->dev->ClearDepthStencilView(data->dsv, D3D10_CLEAR_DEPTH, 1.0f, 0);

		// TODO - draw frames

		data->swpch->Present(0, 0);
		return 0;
	}

	return DefWindowProc(hWnd, msg, wParam, lParam);
}

int WINAPI WinMain( __in HINSTANCE hInstance, __in_opt HINSTANCE hPrevInstance, __in_opt LPSTR lpCmdLine, __in int nShowCmd )
{
	hInst = hInstance;

	WNDCLASSEX wcex = {
		sizeof wcex, CS_VREDRAW|CS_HREDRAW, WndProc, 0, sizeof (WndData *), hInstance, LoadIcon(NULL, IDI_APPLICATION), LoadCursor(NULL, IDC_ARROW),
		(HBRUSH)GetStockObject(NULL_BRUSH), NULL, L"MainWndClass", LoadIcon(NULL, IDI_APPLICATION),
	};
	RegisterClassEx(&wcex);

	RECT rc = { 0, 0, 640, 480 };
	AdjustWindowRect(&rc, WS_OVERLAPPEDWINDOW, FALSE);
	hMainWnd = CreateWindow(L"MainWndClass", L"Main Window", WS_OVERLAPPEDWINDOW, CW_USEDEFAULT, CW_USEDEFAULT,
		rc.right - rc.left, rc.bottom - rc.top, NULL, NULL, hInstance, NULL);
	ShowWindow(hMainWnd, nShowCmd);
	UpdateWindow(hMainWnd);

	MSG msg = { 0 };
	while (msg.message != WM_QUIT)
	{
		if (PeekMessage(&msg, NULL, 0, 0, PM_REMOVE))
		{
			TranslateMessage(&msg);
			DispatchMessage(&msg);
		}
		else
		{
			SendMessage(hMainWnd, WM_APPIDLE, 0, 0);
		}
	}

	return 0;
}
</directxmath.h></xnamath.h></d3d10.h></windows.h>
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文号 / 826998
acmilan
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